Relationship between crimes in general, is conceivable in different forms which is due to crime unity by multiple offenders or a multiplicity of crime by unity offender or unity motivation of multiple offenders. In addition, in real concurrence of crime we can attach a special relationship between some of the offenses in particular meaning that despite having an independence criminal description, is impossible to separate from each other and they often commit together and that's why they call them related offences. Related offences in the special status have three noteworthy approaches: unity of offences, ideal concurrence and real concurrence. In this research, by studying the legislative and judicial procedures, evidence of any opinions are expressed and finally, we explain theory and the reasons for its adoption.

Introduction: Rhinoscleroma and leprosy are two rare infectious granulomatous diseases that can involve the nasal cavity with similar pathophysiologies. It seems that this is the fi rst time that the coexistence of rhinoscleroma and leprosy has been reported in the English literature. Case Presentation: We present the case of a 65-year-old male presented with nasal purulent rhinorrhea, extensive crusts and a large septal perforation. Rhinoscleroma and leprosy were diagnosed histopathologically. Culture results confi rmed the diagnosis as well. Complete medical treatment was eff ective. Conclusions: This case report highlights the importance of possible coincidence of two rare granulomatous infectious diseases with similar pathophysiologies in a patient.

Background: There is anecdotal evidence regarding the simultaneous occurrence of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), which indicates the probability of pathophysiological commonality. Objectives: In the present study, we evaluated the concurrence of VUR and GERD in children candidates for the voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) study. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 62 children between 1 and 14 years old referred to a tertiary referral teaching hospital for VCUG in 2019-2020. All subjects underwent ultrasound to assess GERD and VCUG to rule out VUR. Results: According to the ultrasound assessment, 14. 5% of subjects were diagnosed with GERD: 8. 3% in males and 18. 4% in females. VURwas detected in 48. 4% of children (50. 0% in males and 47. 4% in females) using VCUG. Overall, seven (23. 3%) had concomitantVUR and GERD: 4. 2% in boys and 15. 8% in girls, indicating no difference between the two genders (P = 0. 125). The prevalence of concurrent GERD and VUR was also independent of age. In the two groups with and without VUR, the prevalence of GERD was 23. 3% and 6. 2%, respectively, indicating a relative risk of 2 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1. 32-3. 02, P = 0. 001). Conclusions: Regarding the relationship between GERD and VUR, despite the deletion of physiologic GER cases, the pathophysiological overlap between the two phenomena could be considered.

Metabolic syndrome is a condition with unknown etiology that includes a number of risk factors in diabetes and cardiovascular diseases such as hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension and obesity. The major treatment obstacles are the inability to detect the disease at its early stages, obesity and having the sedentary lifestyle (1). . . .

Introduction: This study evaluated the degree of micro leakage of Ideal Makoo and Tetric Flow composites using two dentin adhesives of Scotch Bond Multipurpose (SBMP) and Excite.Materials &Methods: 60 premolar teeth were divided in to four groups of 15. and class V cavity preparations were done in CEJ. Group 1 was rest orated with SBMP and Ideal Makoo, Group II with SBMP and Tetric Flow, Group III with Excite and Ideal Makoo, and Group IV with Excite and Tetric Flow. Stereomicroscope (X40) was used to evaluate and dye penetration in occlusal and gingival margins. Chi Square test, Pearson’s correlation test and Fishers exact test were used for data analysis (α= 0.05).Results: 1- The degree of leakage was not in correspondence to the type of composite.2- The degree of leakage was not in correspondence to the type of dentin adhesive.3- In four groups, the degree of leakage in gingival wall was significantly more than occlusal wall.Conclusion: Type of composite and dentin adhesive have no effect on degree of leakage. The important factor is the type of wall. It means that in class V restorations, gingival wall is always observed to have more micro leakage than occlusal wall.

Future and ideal are something problematic now more than every day before. In this frustrating fog occupying everywhere, all attempts have been assigned to individual needs, personal successes and close future. Collective ideal and far future have become secondary goals. In such conditions “, self”,will cut its ties from social context, will alienated from the society, from history and from itself and will tend to reification. What role university and academic training will play here? The specific question of this article is how each of the two approaches of natural sciences and human sciences will relate in this alienation? Social faculty of Tehran university has been selected as representative of human sciences and engineering faculty of Tehran university as representative of natural sciences. 15 students of each faculty were interviewed about their ideals, wishes and futures. According to the results, linear determinative scientific causal law dominated on natural sciences in engineering faculty will permeate to the world of human relations. In the sphere of these disciplines society is not an independent totality but just sum of the singular individuals. Ideal and future have seen as not more than just personal success. In contrast in the fluid and multi-paradigm world of human sciences, relation between individual and society will be understood as complicated, multilateral and dialectical. Personal success and collective ideal will be seen as interwoven,and ideal will not know as just personal success inside the status quo, but the will of the change in the status quo itself.

In recent years mammary gland neoplasm has been recognized in pet and laboratory rabbits. The present study describes the concurrence of two malignant mammary gland neoplasms in a six-year-old intact female domestic rabbit. On clinical examination, the masses were observed in the left inguinal and right thoracic mammary glands. Based on owner information, the inguinal mammary gland mass within the previous 3-month period, and the thoracic mammary gland mass within the previous 6-month period, had become evident. Finally, complete surgical removal of the masses was selected. Tissue samples of the masses were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and stained with H&E. In addition, immunohistochemical studies on masses sections were performed using primary antibodies against cytokeratins AE1/AE3. Microscopically, the left mass was diagnosed as solid carcinoma, and the right mass was diagnosed as intraductal papillary carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry showed diffuse positive cytoplasmic staining of the neoplastic cells in both of masses with primary antibodies against cytokeratins AE1/AE3. The best treatment option for mammary masses in pet rabbits is surgical excision, that is performed under general anesthesia. In this case, no new growth of the masses was observed 4 months following surgical procedures.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system which damages the myelin and axon. Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a slow progressive liver disease with autoimmune feature in which non-purulent destructive cholangitis and interlobular bile duct destruction occur. Involvement of each of PBC and MS is thought to be related to environmental exposure in genetically susceptible persons. Case Presentation: Here, we aim to report 3 women 52, 27 and 51 years old with MS and PBC. Conclusion: Although MS seems to have an association with some autoimmune gastrointestinal disorders such as ulcerative colitis, the concurrence of MS and PBC has been rarely reported.

A hundred years before the rise of the third Reich, Hegel, in his writings, wished for days in which the Aria- Germanic soul and thought became the soul of the new world so that it actualized the absolute truth and accomplished his historical duty, a dream which came to true in Fascism period. Hegel considered state as the shadow of God on earth, admired the history making persons as god-like creatures and regarded war necessary for the moral correctness of the societies. Studying the foundations of Fascism reveals that the above- noted ideas are the components of fascism, nomatter how important are the ideas of some prominent philosophers such as Nieztche, croce, Ggentile, categorically, Hegel is the philosophical great grandfather of fascism, a prominent philosopher whose philosophy is so open to interpretation that some like Popper considers fascism as an amalgamation of Hegel’s ideas and nineteenth century materialism. The point is the concurrence of theory and practice in fascism which this article tries to examine.